Arguments for the Growth of Population
- It increase labour force
- It fasten the mobility of labour
- It increase demand for goods and services
- It leads to expansion of the home market
- It encourages new investment and increase job opportunities
Arguments against the Growth of Population
- It requires a higher government expenditure on infrastructure and basic facilities
- It makes the resources more scarce
- There is a greater chance for increased poverty
- It encourages the production of more consumer goods at the expense of capital goods
- It leads to social problems like overcrowding and congestion
- It is embedded with mass unemployment
- It pulls up the price level
Economic Effects of a Higher Working Age Group
- It increases output of goods and services
- It increases the national output
- It ensures a higher economic growth
- It improves standard of living
- It eliminates poverty
- It increases the production of more capital goods
- Government has to spend on providing jobs for its citizens
Economic Effects of a higher Dependent Age Group
- It leads to a lower standard of living
- It leads to poverty
- It increases government spending on health and education
- It requires production of more consumer goods
- It leads to a lower rate of economic growth
Economic Effects of an Ageing Population
- More resources for the production of consumer goods and services for the aged
- Higher government expenditure on health care
- Higher government expenditure on retirement pensions
- Low rate of economic growth
- Difficulties in coping with modern technology
Effects of geographical distribution of population
- Separation of labour force into small groups
- Difficulties in providing social and economic facilities
- Unnecessary duplication of works and resources
